Cancer Liver
Liver Cancer
There are several types of primary Liver Cancer
- Hepatocellular carcinoma–by far the most common
- Hepatoblastoma
- Hepatic Cholangiocarcinoma, etc.
However, most Liver Cancer is due to Metastases from other organs. The Liver is a very common recipient of Metastasis.
Symptoms
- Loss of appetite
- losing weight
- nausea, vomiting
- upper abdominal pain or discomfort
- weakness and fatigue
- yellowing of the skin and eyes.
Risk Factors
- Chronic Hepatitis B or C
- Cirrhosis
- Fatty Liver disease
- Diabetes
- Alcoholic Liver disease
- Some inherited Liver diseases
- Exposure to certain toxins
Due to the higher incidence of Liver Cancer in China and the poor treatment options a focus has been made on formulas effective to prevent Liver Cancer in populations at risk, such as those with chronic Hepatitis or Cirrhosis. Xiao Chai Hu Tang has been found especially useful to prevent Liver carcinogenesis.
Chinese medicine was found to be very effective at reducing the rate of Hepatocellular Cancer in those with chronic Hepatitis B. (see here)
Suggested Formulas
Tincture of Pill Millipedes
Tincture of Black Nightshade
Decoction of Dodder of Thyme (Mesue)
Decoction of Dodder of Thyme (Rhasis)
Decoction for Cancer (Fuller)
Decoction for Cancer (Model Botanic Guide to Health)
Syrup of Fumitory Greater
Syrup of Fumitory Compound (Augustana)
Syrup of Dodder of Thyme (Mesue)
Syrup of Betony (Pharmacopoeia Augustana)
Powder of Gum Lacca Greater (Dialacca Maj.) (Mesue)
Indian Pills (Mesue)
Pills for Melancholy (Unani)
Arab Confect Purging Melancholy (Confectio Hamech)
Chinese Classification
Simples
Formulas
To support in Chronic conditions and those with Qi deficiency, or during or after Chemo- or Radio-therapy.
Dan Zhi Xiao Yao San
Xiang Sha Liu Jun Zi Tang
Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang
Xiao Chai Hu Tang
GENERAL / REVIEW:
–Impact of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Prognosis of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study
–Herbal and Natural Dietary Products: Upcoming Therapeutic Approach for Prevention and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
HERBS
Andrographis
–In vivo inhibitory activity of andrographolide derivative ADN-9 against liver cancer and its mechanisms involved in inhibition of tumor angiogenesis.
Boswellia:
–CD8+ T cells mediate the antitumor activity of frankincense and myrrh in hepatocellular carcinoma
Cannabis
–Preclinical and Clinical Assessment of Cannabinoids as Anti-Cancer Agents
–Anti-tumoral action of cannabinoids on hepatocellular carcinoma: role of AMPK-dependent activation of autophagy
Costus:
–6-Hydroxy-3-O-methyl-kaempferol 6-O-glucopyranoside potentiates the anti-proliferative effect of interferon α/β by promoting activation of the JAK/STAT signaling by inhibiting SOCS3 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
–Volatile oil from Saussurea lappa exerts antitumor efficacy by inhibiting epithelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase-mediated signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma.
–Dehydrocostuslactone, a medicinal plant-derived sesquiterpene lactone, induces apoptosis coupled to endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver cancer cells.
–Active compounds from Saussurea lappa Clarks that suppress hepatitis B virus surface antigen gene expression in human hepatoma cells.
Crocus
–Saffron carotenoids inhibit STAT3 activation and promote apoptotic progression in IL-6-stimulated liver cancer cells.
Hedyotis:
–Network pharmacology prediction and experiment validation of anti-liver cancer activity of Curcumae Rhizoma and Hedyotis diffusa Willd.
–Network-based pharmacology-based research on the effect and mechanism of the Hedyotis diffusa-Scutellaria Barbata pair in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
–Network Pharmacology Analysis and Experimental Verification on Antiangiogenesis Mechanism of Hedyotis diffusa Willd in Liver Cancer.
–The Characteristics and Mortality of Chinese Herbal Medicine Users among Newly Diagnosed Inoperable Huge Hepatocellular Carcinoma (≥10 cm) Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study with Exploration of Core Herbs.
–Hedyotis diffusa Willd. Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Downregulating AKT/mTOR Pathways.
–Anticancer Effects of 1,3-Dihydroxy-2-Methylanthraquinone and the Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Hedyotis Diffusa Willd against HepG2 Carcinoma Cells Mediated via Apoptosis.
Licorice
–Licochalcone B Extracted from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch Induces Apoptotic Effects in Human Hepatoma Cell HepG2.
–Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by blocking PI3K/AKT signal pathway.
Lycium Gou Qi Zi
–In Vitro Protective Effects of Lycium barbarum Berries Cultivated in Umbria (Italy) on Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.
–Composition of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides and their apoptosis-inducing effect on human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells.
Myrrh
–Commiphora myrrha (Nees) Engl. resin extracts induce phase-I cytochrome P450 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, and 3A4 isoenzyme expressions in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells.
–Frankincense myrrh attenuates hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating tumor blood vessel development through multiple epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated signaling pathways.
–The Therapeutic Effect of Myrrh (Commiphora molmol) and Doxorubicin on Diethylnitrosamine Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis in Male Albino Rats.
–Commiphora molmol resin attenuates diethylnitrosamine/phenobarbital-induced hepatocarcinogenesis by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, angiogenesis and Nrf2/ARE/HO-1 signaling.
–Potential chemoprevention of diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats: myrrh (Commiphora molmol) vs. turmeric (Curcuma longa).
Rabdosia
–Effects of glaucocalyxin A on human liver cancer cells as revealed by GC/MS- and LC/MS-based metabolic profiling.
Rheum, Rhubarb
–Apoptosis induction in MDA-MB-435S, Hep3B and PC-3 cell lines by Rheum emodi rhizome extracts.
–Emodin inhibits migration and invasion of MHCC-97H human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
–Emodin induces hepatocellular carcinoma cell apoptosis through MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo.
–Inhibitory effect of emodin on human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721 and its mechanism.
Rubia, Madder
–Ameliorative effect of methanol extract of Rubia cordifolia in N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma.
Salvia Dan Shen
–A network pharmacology-based study on the anti-hepatoma effect of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae
Saussurea, Mu Xiang
–Volatile oil from Saussurea lappa exerts antitumor efficacy by inhibiting epithelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase-mediated signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma.
–Dehydrocostuslactone, a medicinal plant-derived sesquiterpene lactone, induces apoptosis coupled to endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver cancer cells.
–Active compounds from Saussurea lappa Clarks that suppress hepatitis B virus surface antigen gene expression in human hepatoma cells.
Shilajit
–Mineral pitch induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation via modulating reactive oxygen species in hepatic cancer cells.
Solanum nigrum
–Cytotoxicity of hydro-alcoholic extracts of Cucurbitapepo and Solanum nigrum on HepG2 and CT26 cancer cell line
–Integrated Treatment of Aqueous Extract of Solanum nigrum-Potentiated Cisplatin- and Doxorubicin-Induced Cytotoxicity in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
–Immunohistochemical, histopathological study and chemoprotective effect of Solanum nigrum in N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in Wistar rats
–Evaluation of uttroside B, a saponin from Solanum nigrum Linn, as a promising chemotherapeutic agent against hepatocellular carcinoma
–Solanum nigrum polysaccharide inhibits tumor growth in H22-bearing mice through regulation of caspase-3 and bcl-2.
–Induction of apoptosis in human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells by solamargine from Solanum nigrum L.
–Solanum nigrum L. polyphenolic extract inhibits hepatocarcinoma cell growth by inducing G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis.
–Polyphenol-rich extracts from Solanum nigrum attenuated PKC alpha-mediated migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
–Hydro-alcoholic extracts of Solanum Nigrii were cytotoxic against Liver Cancer cell lines, being more effective than extracts of Taxus baccata. (Shokrzadeh et al., Pharmacogn Mag, Jul 2010)
–A polyphenolic extract prepared from Solanum Nigrii was tested against HepG(2) Hepatocellular Cancer cells. The extract in doses of 1µ mL decreased tumor weight and volume by 90% in vivo and in vitro, inhibiting the cells in a dose-dependent manner. 2 µ mL doses caused an almost total elimination of tumor mass and tumor volume. (Wang et al., J Sci Food Agric, Jan 2011)
–Solamargine was isolated and purified from Solanum Nigrii, and tested against a number of cell lines. It showed significant inhibition of 6 cell lines, with strong inhibition of Liver Cancer (H22) and Ehrlich ascites tumor cell lines in doses of 2.4mg x kg dose i.v. (Tang et al., Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi, Aug 2011)
–Further, Solamargine was shown to induce apoptosis in human Hepatoma cells. (Ding et al., J Ethno-pharmacol, Jan 2012)
Tribulus, Ci Ji Li
–Aqueous extract of Tribulus terrestris Linn induces cell growth arrest and apoptosis by down-regulating NF-κB signaling in liver cancer cells.
–[Investigation on inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing effects of saponins from Tribulus terrestris on hepatoma cell line BEL-7402].
Withania
–Antioxidant activity and apoptotic induction as mechanisms of action of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) against a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line.

