Curculigo, Xian Mao 仙茅

Xian Mao (TCM)
Talpatri, Krishna Musali, Sveta Musali (‘Black Musali’) (Ayurveda)
Musali Siyah (Unani)
Nilappanan Kizhangu (Siddha)

Curculigo orchioides
Kerner, Hortus sempervirens, 1806

Curculigo orchioides
(Photo by 阿橋) (Wikimedia)

Curculigo Xian Mao dried root (Adam 2023)

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Botanical name:

Curculigo orchioides

Parts used:

Rhizome

Temperature & Taste:

Hot, dry. Pungent, Slightly Toxic

Classifications:

3J. INCREASE SEMEN
N. Tonics

Uses:

1. Strengthens the Kidneys, Tonifies the Yang:
-Impotence, Incontinence
2. Clears Cold and Damp, Strengthens Bones, Eases Pain:
-Arthritis
3. Clears Cold Phlegm, Stops Wheezing:

Dose:

Powder: 1–3 grams. Taken with milk in Ayurveda to correct its heat.

Comment:

… available in PRO version

Preparation:

… available in PRO version

Correctives:

… available in PRO version

Main Combinations:

Curculigo Xian Mao is often combined with Asparagus adscendens root (White Musali) in India. These are known as Black and White Musali, Asparagus nourishing Yin, and Curculigo stimulating Yang. Sometimes Chlorophytum arundinaceum is listed as Black Musali.
1. Impotence, Spermatorrhea, Lower Back pain and weakness, Curculigo Xian Mao with … available in PRO version
2. Impotence, Aphrodisiac:
i. Curculigo Xian Mao with … available in PRO version
ii. Curculigo Xian Mao with … available in PRO version
iii. Curculigo Xian Mao with … available in PRO version
iv. Curculigo Xian Mao with … available in PRO version
3. Female Debility:
i. Curculigo Xian Mao with … available in PRO version
ii. Curculigo Xian Mao with … available in PRO version
4. Cold-damp pain, cold pain in the lower back and legs, Curculigo Xian Mao with … available in PRO version
5. Lower Back Pain from Kidney deficiency, Curculigo Xian Mao with … available in PRO version
6. To warm and strengthen the Yang:
i. Curculigo Xian Mao with … available in PRO version
ii. Curculigo Xian Mao with … available in PRO version
7. For the Five Overstrains and Seven Damages, to improve Eyesight and increase strength: … available in PRO version

Cautions:

1. Not used for Heat from Yin deficiency or those with Fire (strong Heat).
2. Avoid long-term use and overdose. Maximum daily dose in decoction is 12 grams
Antidote:
Rhubarb (Da Huang) and Mirabilite (Mang Xiao) have been used for negative effects of overdose.

GENERAL / REVIEW:	DIABETES
–Medicinal plants of genus Curculigo: traditional uses and a phytochemical and ethnopharmacological review.	–Exploring the anti-diabetic potential of Australian Aboriginal and Indian Ayurvedic plant extracts using cell-based assays.
–Improvement of penile erection, sperm count and seminal fructose levels in vivo and nitric oxide release in vitro by ayurvedic herbs.	OSTEOPOROSIS
–[Pharmacologic study of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn].	–Curculigoside Ameliorates Bone Loss by Influencing Mesenchymal Stem Cell Fate in Aging Mice.
ANTIOXIDANT	–Curculigoside promotes osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs to prevent ovariectomized-induced osteoporosis.
–Antioxidative and anti-proliferative potential of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn in oxidative stress induced cytotoxicity: In vitro, ex vivo and in silico studies.	–Curculigoside attenuates oxidative stress and osteoclastogenesis via modulating Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathway in RAW264.7 cells.
–Antioxidative phenols and phenolic glycosides from Curculigo orchioides.	–Curculigoside Protects against Excess-Iron-Induced Bone Loss by Attenuating Akt-FoxO1-Dependent Oxidative Damage to Mice and Osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 Cells.
ANTI-ALLERGY	–Therapeutic Anabolic and Anticatabolic Benefits of Natural Chinese Medicines for the Treatment of Osteoporosis.
–Mast cell stabilization and antihistaminic potentials of Curculigo orchioides rhizomes.	–Structural elucidation and anti-osteoporosis activities of polysaccharides obtained from Curculigo orchioides.
ASTHMA	–A Network Pharmacology Approach to Determine the Active Components and Potential Targets of Curculigo Orchioides in the Treatment of Osteoporosis.
–Evaluation of Antiasthmatic Activity of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. Rhizomes.	–An O-acetyl-glucomannan from the rhizomes of Curculigo orchioides: Structural characterization and anti-osteoporosis activity in vitro.
NEUROPROTECTIVE	–Antiosteoporotic activity of phenolic compounds from Curculigo orchioides.
–Protective effect of curculigo orchioides extract on cyclophosphamide-induced neurotoxicity in murine model.	–Curculigo orchioides, a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, prevents bone loss in ovariectomized rats.
–Neuroprotective effects of curculigoside against NMDA-induced neuronal excitoxicity in vitro.	ARTHRITIS
LEARNING & MEMORY	–Curculigoside exerts significant anti‑arthritic effects in vivo and in vitro via regulation of the JAK/STAT/NF‑κB signaling pathway.
–Ameliorative effects of curculigoside from Curculigo orchioides Gaertn on learning and memory in aged rats.	ULCERATIVE COLITIS
HEARING LOSS	–Curculigoside inhibits ferroptosis in ulcerative colitis through the induction of GPX4.
–Curculigo orchioides, natural compounds for the treatment of noise-induced hearing loss in mice.	IMMUNOSTIMULANT
HEPATPROTECTIVE	–Curculigoside augments cell-mediated immune responses in metastatic tumor-bearing animals.
–GC-MS analysis of curculigo orchiodes and medicinal herbs with cytotoxic, hepatoprotective attributes of ethanolic extract from Indian origin.	–Immunostimulatory effect of methanol extract of Curculigo orchioides on immunosuppressed mice.
–Antioxidant activity ofcurculigo orchioides in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatopathy in rats.	–Immunostimulant principles from Curculigo orchioides.
NEPHROPROTECTIVE	CYTOTOXIC
–Curculigo orchioides Gaertn Effectively Ameliorates the Uro- and Nephrotoxicities Induced by Cyclophosphamide Administration in Experimental Animals.	–GC-MS analysis of curculigo orchiodes and medicinal herbs with cytotoxic, hepatoprotective attributes of ethanolic extract from Indian origin.
KIDNEY METABOLISM	CANCER
–The effect of curculigo orchioides (Xianmao) on kidney energy metabolism and the related mechanism in rats based on metabolomics.	–Antioxidative and anti-proliferative potential of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn in oxidative stress induced cytotoxicity: In vitro, ex vivo and in silico studies.
SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION	–Triterpene glycosides from Curculigo orchioides and their cytotoxic activity.
–Effect of Curculigo orchioides on hyperglycemia-induced oligospermia and sexual dysfunction in male rats.	ENHANCEMENT OF CHEMOTHERAPY
–Improvement of penile erection, sperm count and seminal fructose levels in vivo and nitric oxide release in vitro by ayurvedic herbs.	–Enhancement of cancer chemotherapeutic efficacy of cyclophosphamide by Curculigo orchioides Gaertn and its ameliorative effects on cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress.
–A comparative study on aphrodisiac activity of some ayurvedic herbs in male albino rats.	AMELIORATES CHEMOTHERAPY TOXICITY
–Effect of Curculigo orchioides rhizomes on sexual behaviour of male rats.	–Curculigo orchioides protects cisplatin-induced cell damage.
ESTROGENIC EFFECT
–Evaluation of estrogenic activity of alcoholic extract of rhizomes of Curculigo orchioides.