Tragopogon, Salsify Goat’s Beard, Oyster Plant, Vegetable Oyster, Joseph’s Flower, Noon Plant, Jack-go-to-bed-at-NoonHirci Barbula Tragopogon pratensisSalmon, Botanologia, 1710 Tragopogon pratensisMasclef, A., Atlas des plantes de France (1890-1893) Botanical name: Tragopogon spp. T. pratensis (Yellow Goat’s Beard) T. porrifolius (syn. T. sinuatum) (Purple Goat’s Beard) Parts used: Root; also the Herb in flower or whole plant Temperature & Taste: Neutral. Sweet (Some classed it as Warm, Dry) Classification: Uses: 1. Clears Heat, Opens Obstructions:-Jaundice (claimed a specific), Biliousness, Liver congestion, Hypochondriac pain-juice or decoction was given to ‘dissolve bile’-Strangury, suppressed Urine (strong decoction as an enema, Culpeper)-Gravel and (small) Stones (Culpeper)-Arteriosclerosis, Hypertension2. Nourishes Lungs, Stops Cough:-Cough, Bronchitis, Sore Throat-Hemoptysis, Lung Ulcers (Avicenna)-Pleurisy (Culpeper)3. Strengthens Digestion, Tonifies Qi: (West, TCM)-‘it strengthens the Stomach’ (Avicenna)-‘heartburn, loss of appetite’ (Culpeper); ‘Stomach pain’ (Salmon)-Intestinal Ulcers (Avicenna)-‘The roots dressed like parsnips with butter are good for cold, watery stomachs’ (Culpeper)-‘Strengthen the Whole Body’ (Salmon)-‘strengthen the lean and consumptive, or the weak after long sickness’. (Culpeper)-used for weakness and convalescence in West and TCM–Gan-accumulation (TCM)4. Stops Leakage:-Uterine Bleeding (flower) (Avicenna)5. Resists Poison:-used in Antidotes-Plague and Epidemic diseases-Internal Abscesses (Distilled Water)-Elephantiasis, Leprosy6. Externally:-root is used topically for Ulcers of the ear or Deafness (Avicenna)-Chronic Ulcers (leaf or flower)…

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